In parametric hypothesis testing problems, a simple or point hypothesis refers to a hypothesis where the parameter's value is assumed to be a single number. A p-curve can be used to assess the reliability of scientific literature, such as by detecting publication bias or p-hacking. The distribution of p-values for a group of studies is sometimes called a p-curve. By contrast, if the alternative hypothesis is true, the distribution is dependent on sample size and the true value of the parameter being studied. In statistics, every conjecture concerning the unknown probability distribution of a collection of random variables representing the observed data X, and the underlying random variable is continuous, then the probability distribution of the p-value is uniform on the interval.
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